FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Education philosophy of the program: “Learning by Doing”
This teaching philosophy provides learners with opportunities for practical experience, through which learners are active and creative in learning and research, flexibly applying theory with practice to solve problems of professional practice.
- Introduction:
The Faculty of Environmental Sciences (formerly known as the Faculty of Environment) of Saigon University was established under the Decision No. 471/ĐHSG-TC dated July 26, 2007, by the Rector of Saigon University.
- Functions- Tasks
To advise and assist the Rector in managing, composing, proposing and organizing the implementation of activities in the field of training Bachelors of Environmental Sciences and Engineers of Environmental Engineering Technology.
- Vision and Mission
– Vision: By 2025, the Faculty of Environmental Sciences will have become a training unit of high-quality human resources in its field. By 2035, the Faculty of Environmental Sciences will have been an advanced and prestigious training unit of environment sciences in Ho Chi Minh City in particular and the country in general.
– Mission: To train human resources for Environmental branch who are good at technology and green in thinking to build a sustainable green society for the goal of sustainable development. To carry out scientific research and apply technology to meet the need of industrialization, modernization, and international integration of the country. To promote scientific research and transfer environmentally friendly green technologies to solve environmental issues.
– Core values: Responsibility, creativity, cooperation, proactiveness, efficiency, and sustainable development.
- Organizational structure:
- Divisions:
– Division of Environmental Sciences
– Division of Environmental Engineering Technology
* Division of Environmental Sciences, which was established in 2007, belongs to the Faculty of Environmental Sciences of Saigon University with the function of training Bachelors of Environmental Science with a sufficient number of full-time lecturers who are qualified to take the training and research tasks in the related field. So far, the Division has had seven staffs, including three PhD. holders, four Master holders (two of whom are PhD. candidates). Besides, the Division has also collaborated with visiting staff of professors, associate professors, and PhDs in the field to support training and scientific research. The Faculty currently has 292 students (enrolled from 2017 to 2020), 186 students of whom (64%) are in the Environmental Sciences program. In recent years, with the motto of “training based on social needs,” the Faculty has focused on expanding the relationships with some provinces such as Binh Duong, Dong Nai, Binh Thuan, Ninh Thuan, Lam Dong, Khanh Hoa, Dong Thap, Can Tho, etc. so as to organize practical field trips for students, and has cooperated with Ho Chi Minh City Faculty of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment in scientific research activities as well as developed partnerships with more than 110 enterprises, businesses, government agencies in practical learning activities and internships.
* Division of Environmental Engineering Technology (established under Decision No. 2922/QĐ-ĐHSG-TCCB dated December 7, 2016) belongs to the Faculty of Environmental Sciences, with the function of training high-quality engineers in the field of Environmental Engineering Technology to meet the requirements of the development of the country in general and that of Ho Chi Minh City, in particular. In the first course of 2013, the class DCM113 enrolled 63 students of the Bachelor program of Environmental Technology who graduated in February 2018. The Division has seven lecturers, most of whom are such lecturers with postgraduate qualifications as two Associate Professors, three Ph.D. holders, two Master holders (one of whom is a senior lecturer). Currently, the Division provides two training majors: Water Treatment Technology, and Solid and Hazardous Waste Treatment Technology, with a total of 257 students,94 of whom have graduated. With the motto that training theories must be linked to reality and meet the social needs, the Division has always created the conditions for students to interact and practice in order to access new environmental treatment technologies and participate in research at the institutes, companies, factories, industrial parks in the field of environmental technology and engineering. In the past five years, the Division has annually organized events in which lecturers and students participate in field surveys at industrial parks, and waste treatment plants to enhance cooperation and active scientific research in Ho Chi Minh City and some provinces, which has initially gained significant results in the coordination of training and scientific research for production and social life. Moreover, the Division has assigned students to practice field study and internship and has recruited graduates to work for the Faculty.
- Faculty Board of Management:
- – Dean: Assoc. Prof. Pham Nguyen Kim Tuyen, Ph.D.
- phngktuyen@gmail.com
- – Vice Dean: Nguyen Thi Quynh Trang, Ph.D.
- trangntm@shu.edu.vn
- – Head of Division of Environmental Sciences:
- Nguyen Thi Minh Thu ntmthu@sgu.edu.vn
- – Vice Head of Division of Environmental Sciences:
- Doan Tuan, M.A dtuan@sgu.edu.vn@gmail.com
- – Head of Division of Environmental Engineering Technology:
- Prof. Bui Manh Ha, Ph.D. manhhakg@sgu.edu.vn
- – Vice Head of Division of Environmental Engineering Technology:
- Duong Thi Giang Huong, M.A huongduong@sgu.edu.vn
- Lecturers:
- * Division of Environmental Sciences:
- – Nguyen Thi Minh Thu, Ph.D.
- – Doan Tuan, M.A
- – Nguyen Thi Quynh Trang, Ph.D
- – Nguyen Thi Thu Hang, M.A
- – Nguyen Tuan Hai, M.Sc
- – Nguyen Thi Ngoc Thao, M.A
- – Tran Quoc Bao, Ph.D
- * Division of Environmental Engineering Technology:
- – Assoc. Prof. Pham Nguyen Kim Tuyen, Ph.D.
- – Prof. Bui Manh Ha, Ph.D.
- – Duong Thi Giang Huong, M.A
- – Nguyen Thi Hoa, M.A
- – Le Cong Nhan, Ph.D.
- – Nguyen Thi Tuyet Nam, Ph.D.
- – Nguyen Van Truc, Ph.D
- Training Program: The Faculty offers a Bachelor of Environmental Sciences and Engineer of Environmental Engineering Technology.
- 1. Environmental Sciences:
The full-time Bachelor training program for Environmental Sciences lasts four years. The program is divided into two majors:
– Specialization 1: Environmental Management
– Specialization 2: Environment and Sustainable Development
Total credits in the program: 191 credits. Students must accumulate a minimum of 132 credits (excluding 14 credits of Physical Education and National Defense – Security Education), including:
– General knowledge: 20 credits (compulsory: 21 credits; optional: 0 credits);
– Basic knowledge: 35 credits (compulsory: 26 credits; optional: 09 credits);
– Environmental knowledge: 55 credits (compulsory: 65 credits; optional: 0 credits);
– Specialized knowledge: 12 credits (compulsory: 0 credits; optional: 12 credits)
– Internships: 05 credits.
– Graduation thesis/ alternative modules: 10 credits
Output standards: Achieving the output standards of foreign languages according to the output standards of the non-English training programs in the credit-based training system such as Student must be of Intermediate level in English with Level B certificate (nationwide accepted before Jan 15, 2020), B1 certificate (European framework) or TOEIC 450, TOEFL PBT 450, TOEFL iBT 45, and IELTS 4.5 certificates. Besides, they must obtain Level A certificate in IT or the certificate of Basic Information Technology Application (according to the Information Technology Skill Standards prescribed under the Circular 03/2014/TT-BTTTT dated March 11, 2014, by the Ministry of Information and Communications)
Program objectives: The training program helps learners to identify and analyze issues in the environment and related fields, have skills in scientific research, communication, and leadership, working independently and teamworking with projects on environmental issues at local, national and international levels, so that learners can explain, propose solutions, and implement solutions to solve environmental problems or prevent environmental problems that may occur in the context of national development and international integration. Training high-quality resources are having professional capacity, good health, and ethics in line with social needs and the market economy. Equipping learners with sufficient knowledge to continue training at graduate and doctoral levels in the country and abroad.
Job positions after graduation: Those who graduate can work in the faculties related to Science and Technology, Natural Resources and Environment, or Natural Resources and Environment in districts, industrial zones, processing zones, environmental monitoring stations, and other offices. They can be environmental consultants, implementing environmental projects, reporting on environmental impact assessment, cleaner production, and climate change, etc. establishing investment projects, designing the construction and operation of wastewater, water supply, exhaust, solid and hazardous waste treatment plants, etc. Besides, they can also work in institutes, research centers, and universities as well as teach in various colleges and professional secondary schools of environmental fields.
- 2. Environmental Engineering Technology:
Training program: Credit-based training system with the 4.5-year course with total credits to be accumulated 150/219 credits (excluding 14 credits of Physical Education and National Defense – Security Education).
Students need to accumulate the required knowledge, as follows:
– General knowledge: 20 credits (compulsory: 20 credits; optional: 0 credit)
– Basic knowledge: 30 (compulsory: 24 credits; optional: 6 credits).
– Environmental knowledge: 90 credits (compulsory: 72 credits; optional: 18 credits).
– Graduation thesis / alternative modules: 10 credits.
Total of the minimum credits required to accumulate: 150 credits based on subjects prescribed in the course. The program is compatible with those of the following universities: Ho Chi Minh City University of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Hanoi University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Can Tho University, Ho Chi Minh City University of Agriculture and Forestry. Hoa Sen University, Da Nang University of Science and Technology, etc. and two international programs of Nanyang Technological University (Singapore) and British Columbia Institute of Technology (Canada).
Output standards: Engineers specialized in Environmental Engineering Technology have the knowledge and capacity to operate in the field of broad and intensive environmental engineering technology: They are able to construct, install, and operate systems and works of pollution control on civil and industrial scales, proficiently use the specialized software in the field of the environment, etc. have the capability of researching, organizing and deploying research results into practice effectively, have skills in teamwork, writing reports and delivering presentations, have a robust political mind and be healthy enough to complete the assigned tasks and actively seek suitable opportunities for professional applications.
Program objectives: Training human resources of environmental engineers with high quality and professional skills, aiming at satisfying international standards. Graduated students have good political qualities and professional ethics, have basic knowledge, thorough professional knowledge, job proficiency, professional qualifications associated with the practice and research skills, be able to conduct independent research and develop thinking so that they can solve practical problems related to the field of environmental engineering technology. Moreover, they have creative, personal management skills and teamwork skills so as to make significant contributions to society.
Job positions after graduation: After graduating, engineers in Environmental Engineering Technology can hold such areas as construction engineers, design engineers, and engineers of consulting, managing and transferring technologies in companies, factories, Facultys, institutes, centers related to environmental research fields or facilities manufacturing and trading environmental equipment. Moreover, they can self-cultivate, improve professional knowledge and operational skills, carry out independent research, and be able to continue training at graduate and doctorate levels in the country and abroad.
- Facilities and Laboratories:
SGU is facilitated with lecture halls, classrooms, group – working rooms for students and administrative units for administration. The school is met modern university standards of teaching, learning, scientific research, and space of working for lecturers, students and school staff.
As of March 2021, the school has 177 classrooms, 13 conference rooms, 5 laboratories for training and scientific research; 24 computer room, 2 English lab. All classrooms are air-conditioned. Wireless internet system is covered throughout the school for students to use free of charge.
The school has a number of laboratories and practice rooms equipped with appropriate equipment to support training and research activities.
- Main research directions:
- 1 General research direction:
- * Division of Environmental Sciences:
- Implementing research directions on Environmental Quality Management, Environmental Communications, Sustainable development, Environmental Analysis, and Environment Toxicology, etc.
- * Division of Environmental Engineering Technology:
- Carrying out research projects on manufacturing new materials such as natural materials, electrochemical oxidation, electron beam radiation, etc. for waste treatment applications.
10.2. Applied research and deployment:
- * Division of Environmental Sciences:
- Regularly participating in and coordinating the implementation of projects and research topics of the Faculty of Science and Technology and the Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment of Ho Chi Minh City on communications and environmental protection.
+ University-Business cooperation:
Collaborating with other Facultys and agencies in the field of environment in scientific research such as Ho Chi Minh City Faculty of Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment and Ho Chi Minh City Association of Science and Technology.
Cooperating with specialized organizations and enterprises on professional field trips in localities such as Binh Duong, Dong Nai, Binh Thuan, Ninh Thuan, Lam Dong, Khanh Hoa, Dong Nai, Long An, Dong Thap, Can Tho, etc.
+ Domestic research cooperation:
Signing commitment to cooperate with certain organizations to participate in research projects or bring students to the Internship programs, such as the Center for Environmental Engineering and Consultancy of Vietnam General Faculty of Environment, Institute of Tropical Technology and Environmental Protection, Center for Environmental Technology – ENTEC and Dam Sen Cultural Center.
- * Division of Environmental Engineering Technology:
+ University- Business cooperation:
Collaborating with many environment companies such as Clean Technology, Tin Thanh and Van Tuong to deploy flocculation and electrochemical oxidation applications for the environmental treatment and apply the use of algae and sewage bacteria, for wastewater, solid waste, and emissions treatments.
Maintaining relationships with the Institute of Environment and Resources (National University Ho Chi Minh City), Southern Environment Center, Environment Center of the Marine Institute, District 9 High-tech Park, Ajinomoto Company, the industrial zones in Ho Chi Minh City and those in the surrounding areas, the District Committees, etc. in order to assign students for internship and create job opportunities for students when they graduate.
+ Domestic research cooperation:
Being the leader and a key member of many research projects of Ho Chi Minh City Faculty of Science and Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute and Nafosted (Institute of Tropical Biology), etc.
+ International training and researching cooperation:
Receiving the national scientific innovation award (VIFOTEC) as well as the international patent of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO-KIPO) in 2013. Since 2016, on average, ten articles have been included in the list of Web of Sciences (former ISI) per year as the corresponding authors.
Signing MOU with the Nagaoka University of Technology (Japan) and Chung Yuan Christian University (Taiwan) to exchange lecturers. One student at Nagaoka University of Technology university came to exchange research with our division from Oct 2019 to Jan 2020. Cooperating with the International Atomic Agency (IAEA), the UK Government’s Global Challenge Research Fund (GCRF), and receiving funding from these agencies for one research project on environmental treatment and another on sustainable development. The Division is expected to continue having more cooperation with one Philippines university in 2021 to develop a research cooperation network.
10.3. Students participating in the research:
Conducting scientific research is considered an effective method for students to expand their knowledge as well as their soft skills. This is an opportunity for students to apply theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems. Scientific research not only provides students with the opportunity to access their favorite field of expertise, but also helps them solve a problem scientifically, objectively, and multi-disciplinarily.
- * Division of Environmental Sciences:
- Every year, about 2 – 5 groups of students participate in university-level scientific research and the research projects of the Faculty.
- Since 2012, students have carried out an average of 4-6 scientific research projects in the following fields of study:
- – Management of municipal solid waste, wastewater toll
- -Research and propose community-based environmental management models (CBEM)
- The above studies have contributed to the database for the development of environmental management plans and policies in Ho Chi Minh City and other provinces.
- * Division of Environmental Engineering Technology:
Since 2015, two groups of students have engaged in scientific research and won the second prize of national scientific research in the last two years (the academic year of 2017 and 2018).
Every year, the lecturers regularly instruct and assist students in enrolling in postgraduate programs abroad in Taiwan and three graduates have achieved the scholarships (100% tuition and the highest level of living expenses compensation) at the top three Taiwan Universities, namely:
P Two students have completed the Master’s program at National Central University and are currently studying Ph.D. program at National Tsing Hua University.
P One student is studying Ph.D. program at National Chung Hsing University (Taiwan).
POne student is studying Master program at Chung Yuan University (Taiwan).
Expecting in September 2020, 05 graduated students of the Faculty will be able to study a Master’s program in Taiwan. Expecting in April 2022, 03 graduated students of the Faculty will be able to study a Master’s program in Taiwan.
Besides, many alumni are studying the graduate programs at Ho Chi Minh City University of Science and Technology and Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural
Sciences.
+ Students’ experiment – internship:
The Faculty’s facilities and capacity to serve the Environmental Engineering Technology such as experiments, models, equipment, classrooms, etc. meet the learning process, implement scientific research projects, and the graduation thesis. There is a collaboration for guiding the graduation internship with more than 70 organizations.
10.3 Achievements:
– “Vietnam Environment Award 2017” granted by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Decision No.1055/QD-BTNMT dated May 10, 2017)
– Certificate of Ho Chi Minh City People’s Committee for the “Ho Chi Minh City Environmental Award” in 2016. (Decision No.6782/QDUB dated December 16, 2016)
– Certificate of the Ministry of Education and Training for outstanding achievements in organizing scientific research activities of students in 2018 (Decision No.4584/QD-BGDDT dated October 26, 2018)
– Excellent operation performance in the school year 2010-2011, 2014-2015, 2017-2018.
– Setting a Vietnam record on December 18, 2010 (Member of the Board of Directors. Council of Science and Technology no.919/KLVN/2010): the model “The longest Dragon made of the bottle caps” with 101010 bottle caps and the signature of environment protection propaganda.
– The 2nd Prize in National Science Research of the Ministry of Education and Training (Final round, Ceremony of Summarizing and Awarding Prizes for “Scientific research by Students in 2018”) achieved by a group of 03 students of DCM115 course, with the guidance by Ms.Nguyen Thi Quynh Trang, M.A with the topic: “Research on manufacturing Graphene and Nano TiO2 nanocomposite materials applied in photocatalytic catalysts.“
– The 2nd Prize in National Scientific Research of the Ministry of Education (National scientific research by Students in 2017) achieved by a group of 04 students of DCM113 course, with the guidance by Assoc.Prof.Bui Manh Ha, Ph.D. with the topic “Study on treatment of BOD, COD, Ammonia (N-NH4 +) and total phosphorus (TP) in pig wastewater from biogas digesters with AAO technology using coconut coir.“
- Program’s Learning Outcomes (PLOs)
Program’s Learning Outcomes (PLOs)
Upon completion of the program, students are able to:
Program Performance Criteria (PPC)
General Knowledge
PLO 1 (General knowledge): Apply knowledge related to Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Politics, Law, as well as one’s personal understanding of contemporary issues into the field of Environmental Science.
1.1 Apply mathematical models in order to accurately assess and forecast environmental quality.
1.2 Apply physical, chemical, and biological processes reasonably in order to create the basis for developing technological solutions and conducting environmental management.
1.3 Apply knowledge related to Politics and Law, as well as one’s personal understanding of contemporary issues in order to develop environmental engineering solutions that can bring sustainable development.
Professional Knowledge
PLO 2 (Professional knowledge): Evaluate the impacts of environmental factors on public health and social safety comprehensively.
2.1 Identify the signs and levels of environmental pollution accurately.
2.2 Assess the impacts of environmental factors on public health and social safety comprehensively.
PLO 3 (Development and Design of Solutions): Develop solutions for resource management and environmental protection, while taking into account the consideration for public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economical factors.
3.1 Propose solutions for the management, planning, and mining of natural resources; protect the environment while taking into account public health protection, socio-economic development, and sustainable development within the context of globalization.
3.2 Provide consultancy on the design of project components for the management, planning, and mining of natural resources; protect the environment based on the current environmental status, while taking into account socio-economic and sustainable development within the context of globalization.
3.3 Supervise the implementation of projects related to the management, planning, and mining of natural resources; ensure the correct application of directions and techniques for environmental protection.
3.4 Organize and implement project activities related to the management, planning, and mining of natural resources; protect the environment in a way that ensures sustainable development.
General Skills
PLO 4 (Thinking skills): Apply critical thinking, creative thinking, and problem-solving skills effectively within the context of Environmental Science.
4.1 Apply critical thinking in analyzing and evaluating written documents and oral communication.
4.2 Apply critical thinking in analyzing and evaluating information, and in scientific reasoning.
4.3 Apply problem-solving skills, including: identifying the problems, knowing when and how to gather information, and evaluating and selecting information needed for problem-solving.
4.4 Propose unique solutions; demonstrate creativity in problem-solving
PLO 5 (Teamwork): Collaborate effectively with the team, whether as a team member or as the team leader; create a collaborative and inclusive environment; develop and implement work plans in order to achieve team goals.
5.1 Apply planning and time management skills during teamwork
5.2 Build and develop internal relationships within the team, including: establishing connections, resolving conflicts, and engaging in external relations, etc. throughout the group’s working process.
5.3 Evaluate individual and team performance; and make continuous improvements
PLO 6 (Communication): Communicate effectively using oral, written, and multimedia means with stakeholders in technical and social environments; satisfy the English proficiency requirements as regulated by the Ministry of Education and Training.
6.1 Listen respectfully and comprehend appreciatively.
6.2 Use context-appropriate language for academic and social communication.
6.3 Understand the importance of communication factors: feelings, emotions and values
6.4 Behave appropriately towards stakeholders within diverse environments; respect multicultural differences.
6.5 Use B1-level English for communication
Professional Skills
PLO 7 (Investigation and research): Conduct studies into the complex issues of Environmental Science; conduct scientific research by applying appropriate methods, and based on research results from other studies
7.1 Assess the strengths, weaknesses, similarities, and differences between different survey methods (forms of inquiry)
7.2 Select survey methods (forms of inquiry) that are appropriate for the research objectives.
7.3 Implement the selected survey and research methods properly
7.4 Collect data and interpret information correctly.
7.5 Make inferences based on solid scientific foundations, and draw logical conclusions
PLO 8 (Usage of resources, modern tools, and technology): Use resources, tools, and modern technology effectively in order to support the activities of Environmental Science.
8.1 Make use of Information Technology in order to store and retrieve data.
8.2Make use of multiple technologies and equipment in order to conduct investigations, surveys, data analysis, and field sampling.
8.3 Make use of design software (such as GIS, ENVI, AutoCAD, etc.) while conducting research in Environmental Science
8.4 Make use of software in order to assess and forecast environmental quality, and to support environmental management works
8.5 Manage and operate equipment for analyzing environmental criteria (soil, air, water).
Attitude
PLO 9 (Ethics and Professional responsibilities): Demonstrate one’s willingness to adhere to professional ethics, the desire to protect public health, protect the environment, and promote sustainable development.
9.1 Recite the rules of professional ethics, and follow them.
9.2 Comply with labor disciplines.
9.3 Be willing to improve public health and safety.
9.4 Be willing to protect the environment and promote sustainable development locally and globally.
PLO 10 (Life-long learning): Recognize the needs for lifelong learning and demonstrate a willingness for lifelong learning, in response to the rapidly changing technological landscape.
10.1 Identify personal limitations in terms of knowledge and competencies correctly, and be able to recognize contemporary trends in within the industry.
10.2 Recognize the opportunities for learning and improving one’s personal knowledge and competencies
10.3 Display a willingness for lifelong learning and updating one’s personal knowledge.
Program Objectives (POs)
Within a few years after graduation, graduates are able to:
– PO1: Conduct research and participate in technology transfer; create innovations in order to contribute to the development of the Environmental Science sector, and the sustainable development of Vietnam and the world.
– PO2: Provide consultancy, and participate in the development of solutions for environmental treatment, environmental and resource management, environmental project management and related works in a professional, creative, and ethical manner.
– PO3: Develop lifelong learning capabilities in order to improve one’s qualifications and professional competencies in responses to the rapid changes in science and technology within the Environmental Science sector.
12. Contact Information
* Phone: (84-8) 38.337.082
* Fax: (84-8) 38.305.568
* Email: k_moitruong@sgu.edu.vn
* Website: http://www.fes-sgu.edu.vn/
Figure: Awarding conference on the student scientific research competition
Figure: Seminar of Student scientific research on 2020
Figure: Ceremony of receiving a certificate of merit (student: Mai Thy)
Figure: Scientific research team: Vo Cao Minh, Mai Thy and Tan Dat (DCM115)
Phụ lục hình ảnh
STT | Nội dung | Tên folder – Mã hình |
1. | Hình ảnh sinh viên các khóa 12- 20 (tốt nghiệp, tân sinh viên)
|
01 tot nghiep tan sinh vien
Bao gồm hình ảnh tập thể, hình tốt nghiệp các khóa 12- 16 |
2. | Sinh viên nghiên cứu khoa học, khóa luận tốt nghiệp và khởi nghiệp | 02 nckh-kltn
Hình ảnh bảo vệ khóa luận, nghiên cứu khoa học, |
3. | Thực tế chuyên môn | 03 thuc te chuyen mon
Hình ảnh thực tế của các lớp |
4. | Hội thảo – chuyên đề | 04 toa dam hoi thảo
Hình ảnh các tọa đàm về nckh, plctr, quản lý nước thải…. |
5. | Công tác tình nghuyện – hoạt động xã hội | 05 truyen thong cong dong
Hình ảnh về hoạt động cộng đồng, truyền thông môi trường |
6. | Hội thao – văn nghệ | 06 hoi thao –van nghe |
7. | Phát triển kỹ năng | 07 doan hoi ky nang |
8. | Về nguồn | 08 ve nguon |